Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans. The fossil record provides evidence of the various stages of human evolution.
The earliest fossils of hominins, the group of primates that includes humans, date back to over 6 million years ago. These early hominins were bipedal, meaning they walked on two legs, and had a combination of ape-like and human-like features.
Over time, several different species of hominins evolved, including the genus Australopithecus, which lived between 4 and 2 million years ago. These hominins had smaller brains than modern humans and a more ape-like appearance.
Around 2 million years ago, the genus Homo appeared. These hominins had larger brains and more advanced tools than their Australopithecus ancestors. Homo erectus, which lived between 2 million and 100,000 years ago, was the first hominin to migrate out of Africa and spread throughout the world.
Around 300,000 years ago, anatomically modern humans, Homo sapiens, evolved in Africa. By 40,000 years ago, humans had spread throughout the world and had developed sophisticated tools, art, and culture.
The study of human evolution has significant social implications. It can provide insight into our biological origins and the diversity of human populations. It can also shed light on the evolution of human behavior and social systems. Additionally, the study of human evolution can inform medical research and help us better understand human health and disease.