AFM has numerous applications in biological research due to its ability to image and manipulate biological samples at the nanoscale. Some of the key applications of AFM in biological research include:
- Imaging of biomolecules: AFM can be used to image biological molecules such as proteins, DNA, RNA, and lipids at high resolution, allowing for the observation of molecular structures and interactions. This can provide insights into the function of these molecules and the processes they are involved in.
- Cell surface imaging: AFM can be used to image the surface of live cells, providing information on cell morphology, topography, and mechanics. This can be used to study cell adhesion, migration, and division, as well as to investigate the effects of drugs or other stimuli on cells.
- Single-molecule force spectroscopy: AFM can be used to measure the mechanical properties of individual biomolecules, such as their elasticity, adhesion, and unfolding forces. This can provide information on the stability and folding of proteins and nucleic acids, as well as the strength of protein-ligand and protein-protein interactions.
- Cell mechanics: AFM can be used to measure the mechanical properties of cells, including their stiffness, elasticity, and viscoelasticity. This can provide insights into cellular processes such as cell division, migration, and differentiation, as well as the effects of disease on cell mechanics.
- Biomaterials characterization: AFM can be used to characterize the mechanical properties of biomaterials, such as collagen, elastin, and other extracellular matrix components. This can provide insights into the structure-function relationships of these materials and their potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Overall, AFM is a powerful tool for studying biological systems at the nanoscale and has numerous applications in biological research.