Physiology is the dynamic study of biological function at organ system, tissue, and cellular scales, focusing on homeostatic regulation, cardiovascular dynamics, countercurrent renal mechanics, alveolar gas transport, and neuroendocrine integration.
Curriculum & Syllabus Roadmap
Complete university-level physiological curriculum structured across 5 primary organ systems.
Cardiovascular Hemodynamics & Cardiac Cycle
Cardiac pacemaker potentials, Wiggers diagram, Frank-Starling law, pressure-volume loops, and baroreceptor reflexes.
Respiratory Gas Transport & Oxygen Dissociation
Alveolar diffusion, sigmoidal O2-hemoglobin dissociation curve, Bohr and Haldane effects, and bicarbonate buffer transport.
Renal Osmoregulation & Countercurrent Multiplier
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), loop of Henle medullary osmotic gradient, RAAS axis, and vasopressin aquaporin gating.
Endocrine Axes & Hormonal Feedback
Hypothalamic-pituitary axes (HPA, HPT, HPG), insulin/glucagon glucose homeostasis, and calcium regulatory loops.
Gastrointestinal Digestion & Absorption
Parietal cell H+/K+ ATPase acid secretion, pancreatic zymogen activation, micellar lipid emulsification, and enteric innervation.